Abstract
Abstract Up to now, the only solution for utilization of solid wastes including biomass as energy resources is to incinerate them (mass burning) and to use the produced heat directly or to convert the produced heat into electric power employing boilers/steam turbines. This process should be large scale and expensive to install and operate. In this article, new technologies for converting unutilized resources such as solid wastes and biomass into high value added energy resources (solid fuel, gaseous fuel, liquid fuel, and electric power) with small to medium scale are introduced for promoting distributed waste utilization. The content of the technologies are as follows. Solid fuel production technology: the hydrothermal treatment technology can convert unutilized resources with various shapes, heating values, and moisture contents into uniform dry powder‐like solid fuels with the heating value equivalent to coal. Liquid fuel production technology: diesel equivalent fuel oils can be produced from waste plastics by employing the pyrolytic reforming oil production technology and from waste cooking oils by employing the dry‐type alkali catalyst biodiesel fuel production technology. The emulsion fuel that is a mixture of oil and water can reduce the emissions as well as improve the thermal efficiency of boilers. Gasification and power generation technology: the gasification technologies can produce low to medium calorific gases from solid wastes by employing pyrolysis and reforming or steam gasification technologies. Electric power can be generated from this low to medium calorific gases by employing internal combustion engines.
Published Version
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