Abstract
Under the dangerous conditions, rapid evacuation of large public spaces is critical to the safety of visitors. Taking the Louvre as an example, this paper comprehensively considers the characteristics of tourists, the internal structure of Louvre, the dangerous situation and the openness of some secret exits. At the same time, based on the improved Cellular Automaton model and Network Flow model, this paper constructs the Dynamic System Optimal model. By applying the Frank-Wolfe algorithm, this model is simulated in MATLAB to simulate the evacuation of visitors in the emergency situations. Through the simulation results, we can find out the potential bottleneck position that restricts the movement to the exits and make the system’s optimal evacuation program. It can be verified that the evacuation efficiency of the Louvre has increased by 21.3% after using the system’s optimal evacuation plan. In addition, our model also has a broad application prospect. It can be extended to the evacuation of people in other large buildings by changing the parameters of initialization to improve the evacuation efficiency and protect people’s safety.
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