Emergencies in Ukraine: analytical and statistical study

Abstract

Introduction. Knowledge of the causes and nature of emergencies allows for the early adoption of protective measures with reasonable behaviour to reduce all types of damage significantly. Preliminary information for business structures makes it possible to carry out preventive work, alert forces and means, explain to people the rules of conduct. All business structures and the population must be ready to act in extreme situations, participate in the elimination of natural disasters, accidents and catastrophes, to master the methods of providing first aid to victims. To address these issues, most developed countries in Europe and America have established unique medical systems, the main tasks of responding to emergencies and participating in eliminating health consequences. The purpose of the paper is to study the level of emergencies in Ukraine and develop preventive measures for business structures. Results. In 2020, 116 emergencies were registered in Ukraine, including 40.2% of man-made nature; natural nature – 54.7%; social nature – 5.1%. The human disease was also significantly affected by the COVID-19 coronavirus - 18,680 deaths in 2020. Compared to 2019, the total number of emergencies in 2020 decreased by 20.5%. The analysis showed that the most common sources of man-made emergencies are fires and explosions that occur at industrial facilities, so the authors proposed precautionary measures for business structures, which include measures to address the causes that could lead to the occurrence of fire (explosion), to limit (localize) the spread, to create conditions for the evacuation of people and property, timely detection of fire and notification of it, extinguishing the fire, maintaining the fire fighting forces in constant readiness. Conclusion. The study showed that the number of emergencies is small and can be observed in some species in 2020, but each emergency is a human life, so it is necessary to strive for their number to lead to 0. The proposed measures will allow businesses to anticipate emergencies more effectively.