Abstract

Elimination of hazardous fluoride from drinking water using Th–Mn nanoadsorbent

Highlights

  • Fluorine is the most reactive element in the periodic table

  • We have developed a Th–Mn nanoadsorbent by means of simple precipitation process followed by heat treatment to employ it for the efficient fluoride removal from aqueous systems[20,21,22,23]

  • The results indicate that fluoride adsorption increases markedly with increasing pH from 1 to 6 (Fig. 1a)

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Summary

Introduction

Its high reactivity makes it less abundant in elemental form. It is commonly found as inorganic fluorides (including the free anion F–) or as organic fluoride compounds (e.g., freons)[1]. The low fluoride concentration in drinking water is beneficial for human health, while high fluoride intake can cause severe irreversible dental or skeletal fluorosis. Precipitation and adsorption are known since times to bring back excessive fluoride content of water to the permissible limit. Adsorption is the most suitable, moderately simple, efficient and inexpensive method for fluoride removal, in small communities. There is a need to develop available adsorbents for fluoride removal which are safe and easy use at small community level. We have developed a Th–Mn nanoadsorbent by means of simple precipitation process followed by heat treatment to employ it for the efficient fluoride removal from aqueous systems[20,21,22,23]

Materials and methods
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