Eliminating poverty through development: The dynamic evolution of multidimensional poverty in rural China

Abstract

This paper measures intertemporal multidimensional poverty in rural China from 1988 to 2018 based on the China Household Income Project (CHIP) data and for that time period has the following findings. First, multidimensional poverty in rural China declines steadily when measured through the income poverty approach. Second, multidimensional poverty in rural areas presents demographic and regional heterogeneity, among which elderly poverty, child poverty, and poverty in the western Chinese region are the most prominent ones. Third, income poverty and multidimensional poverty have a low overlap ratio and show intertemporal synchronisation over time. Although increases in income can alleviate multidimensional poverty, this effect is very limited. This paper suggests that a suitable multidimensional poverty identification framework should be developed in the era of poverty alleviation after 2020 and that in the new poverty alleviation governance system of China, targeted development strategies should be formulated with an increased focus on the poverty of special groups such as children and the elderly.