Abstract
Nutritional regulation plays a critical role to reduce the incidence or progression of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated the effects of a high-fat diet on Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Leprfa (SDT fatty) rats, a novel model for obese type 2 diabetes. The SDT fatty rats were divided into two dietary groups, which were fed a high-fat diet or a standard diet for 18 weeks, from 6 to 24 weeks of age. The calorie intake in the high-fat diet (HF) group was reduced after 10 weeks of age and the group inhibited an incidence of diabetes. Interestingly, the HF induced an increase of serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in SDT fatty rats with refeeding. Fat tissue weights in the HF group increased, but the visceral fat/subcutaneous fat (V/S) ratio decreased. Moreover, histopathological observations revealed an improvement of the pancreatic abnormalities and fatty liver in the HF group. In conclusion, a preventive effect on diabetes in rats fed a high-fat diet has a relation with an increase in incretin hormone, and it might be advantageous for prevention of incidence or progression of diabetes to develop functional foods inducing an increase in incretin hormone.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes has increased worldwide in incidence with excessive calorie intake and sedentary life styles
Serum glucose levels in CRF-1 rats began to increase after 8 weeks of age (447.5 ± 168.1 mg/dL, at 8 weeks) and the hyperglycemia was sustained until 22 weeks of age (535.7 ± 162.8 mg/dL, at 22 weeks)
The elevation of glucose levels in the high-fat diet (HF) rats was perfectly inhibited throughout the experimental period (Figure 2(a))
Summary
Type 2 diabetes has increased worldwide in incidence with excessive calorie intake and sedentary life styles. Since most of the morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes arises from long-term complications, early detection and prevention would be expected to have a tremendous beneficial human, medical, and economic impact. The basic management of type 2 diabetes is achieved by lifestyle interventions such as dietary changes and exercise [1,2,3]. It is reported that reducing energy intake will lower the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes and should thereby delay their onset [4]. Food no longer is seen as the provider of energy, but it is expected to provide physiological benefits for good health and productive lifestyles
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