Elevated Catalytic Activity of Ruthenium(II)–Porphyrin‐Catalyzed Carbene/Nitrene Transfer and Insertion Reactions with N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands

Abstract

AbstractBis(NHC)ruthenium(II)–porphyrin complexes were designed, synthesized, and characterized. Owing to the strong donor strength of axial NHC ligands in stabilizing the trans MCRR′/MNR moiety, these complexes showed unprecedently high catalytic activity towards alkene cyclopropanation, carbene CH, NH, SH, and OH insertion, alkene aziridination, and nitrene CH insertion with turnover frequencies up to 1950 min−1. The use of chiral [Ru(D4‐Por)(BIMe)2] (1 g) as a catalyst led to highly enantioselective carbene/nitrene transfer and insertion reactions with up to 98 % ee. Carbene modification of the N terminus of peptides at 37 °C was possible. DFT calculations revealed that the trans axial NHC ligand facilitates the decomposition of diazo compounds by stabilizing the metal–carbene reaction intermediate.