Abstract
First two records of Eleusine indica in Slovakia are presented. This exotic grass species originating from the tropical Old World was found in the Podunajská nížina Lowland (Eupannonicum): in 2017 in Štúrovo and the next year in Bratislava, municipal part Karlova Ves. Both populations counted only three individuals grown in the pavement cracks. The habitat conditions of each locality in detail are characterized. Whereas Slovakia is among the last countries where E. indica was just discovered within Europe, we discuss the environmental conditions and the origin of the species in the backlight of earlier studies related to its occurrence in the surrounding countries.
Highlights
Eleusine indica is a late summer annual grass
Whereas Slovakia is among the last countries where E. indica was just discovered within Europe, we discuss the environmental conditions and the origin of the species in the backlight of earlier studies related to its occurrence in the surrounding countries
Whereas Slovakia is one of the last European countries where Eleusine indica has just appeared, we summarize and compare the environmental conditions and the origin of the species taking into account other studies published from the surrounding countries dealing with its various occurrences
Summary
Eleusine indica is a late summer annual grass. Its long, spreading spikes resemble goose feet. The geographical origin of E. indica is uncertain due to its worldwide expansion, but it is considered native to the tropical regions of the Old World (Eastern Africa). This exotic grass is naturalized in Portugal Azores), Spain, France, Italy and it is casual in Great Britain, Netherlands, Austria, Croatia, Slovenia, Hungary, Serbia, Romania and Bulgaria (Hansen 1980). It is listed as fifth among the ten worst words weeds as a serious, dominant agricultural weed (Holm et al 1977). The most frequently is reported in urban areas (e.g. pavements, parking lots, dump stations)
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