Elemental characterisation of Andalusian wine vinegars with protected designation of origin by ICP-OES and chemometric approach

Abstract

Wine vinegars from three Protected Designations of Origin (PDO), Vinagre de Jerez (J), Vinagre de Montilla-Moriles (MM) and Vinagre del Condado de Huelva (CH) from Andalusia, Southern Spain, were investigated for their mineral elements content. Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, V and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical-emission (ICP-OES). Jerez vinegars had a statistically significant higher Sr content than the others, while with respect to B the same was true for Montilla-Moriles vinegars. Moreover, the ageing time of the vinegars clearly played a role in vinegar mineral content, with higher mineral levels found in aged vinegars than in young ones, especially in samples from Condado de Huelva. Multivariate analysis was performed in order to assess if the vinegars' geographical classification was possible through their elemental profile. Classification models were obtained by LDA and SVM, achieving good prediction abilities, 73 and 80%, respectively.