Abstract
Aim. To analyze the topographic patterns of valvular and atherosclerotic calcification growth.Methods. Dysfunctional aortic valves (n = 18) and atherosclerotic plaques (n = 20) were fixed in formalin, postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, consecutively stained by 2% osmium tetroxide and 2% uranyl acetate, and embedded into epoxy resin (Epon) with the further grinding and polishing ofthe samples. Upon the counterstaining by lead citrate and sputter coating with carbon, samples were visualized by backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analysis was conducted via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Measurement of Ca/P ratio within the mineral deposits was carried out employing a pool table principle (i.e., in the center of the deposit, in the near and far circumferences (clockwise), and in control regions around the mineral deposit). Topographic patterns of calcifications were modeled using the correlation analysis. Results. Significant correlation was revealed between the Ca/P ratio in the deposit center and in the near and far circumferences of deposit in both in valvular (r = 0,35-0,78 - near circumference; r = 0,63-0,69 - far circumference) and atherosclerotic mineral deposits (r = 0,37-0,56 - near circumference; r = 0,48-0,63 - far circumference), suggesting the hierarchical growth of cardiovascular calcification around the initial nucleation sites.Conclusion. Valvular and atherosclerotic calcifications development is concentric.
Highlights
На данный момент процесс морфологического развития кальцификата в литературе почти не описан
Deciphering the mechanism of morphological growth of calcification in the atherosclerotic plaque and the aortic valve leaflet will allow clinicians to advance the development of unified therapy aimed at successful treatment of calcifications of the cardiovascular system
Upon the counterstaining by lead citrate and sputter coating with carbon, samples were visualized by backscattered scanning electron microscopy
Summary
На данный момент процесс морфологического развития кальцификата в литературе почти не описан. Расшифровка механизма морфологического роста кальцификата в атеросклеротической бляшке и створке аортального клапана позволит унифицировать фармакотерапию, направленную на ингибирование кальцификации элементов сердечно-сосудистой системы
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