Abstract
An oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process has been proposed to extract valuable metals and remove arsenic from high-arsenic copper dross. PbO, PbS, Cu2S, and Cu5As2 were the main components of the copper dross. Iron scrap, calcium carbonate, coke, and silica were added as flux in the smelting process. Mineralogical analysis revealed that the smelting products were ferrous calcium silicate slag, lead copper matte (PbS and Cu2S), speiss (Cu3As), crude lead (Pb), and dust. Approximately 35% of copper distributed to lead copper matte, while 56% of copper and 75% of arsenic reported to speiss. The Cu concentrated in economical products for further extraction reached 91%, 87% of Pb was directly recovered to crude lead, and the As removed to dust was 4–6%. The technology was first developed and applied in industry by Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Group Co., LTD, providing an efficient approach and production experience for copper dross recycling.
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