Electrosurgical Excision and Differential Pathological Diagnosis of External Genital Tumors in Bitch

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Forty-five necropsies from mixed breeds dogs were examined at animal reproduction research institute, agriculture research center, Egypt over 18-month period., Dogs’ age ranged from 2 to 5 years. The mean weight was 25.6 kg. The necropsies were diagnosed as vaginal mass, and bleeding, accompanied with ultrasonography imaging to find out any metastatic mass in abdomen region. Following general anesthesia with xylazin-ketamine, the tumor was excised by the electrosurgical technique (high frequency radio waves) which eliminates nerve and muscle stimulation; the cutting wave forms vaporize the cellular fluid causing cellular explosions. The tumor mass was preserved in formalin solution and submitted for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation using multi-cytokeratin, vimentin, S-100, CD79, p53, Ki 67, PCNA, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptors as well as actin and desmine. Thirty cases of Transmissible venereal tumors (TVT), six cases of Fibroma and three cases of Fibrosarcoma as well as three cases defined as Lipoleiomyoma or atypical leiomyoma (leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei) (ALM), and finally three cases leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the vagina were distinguished. Moreover, we find that, malignant tumors (TVT, Fibrosarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma) were more frequent in older age while the benign were more in younger (fibroma and Leiomyoma). As German Shepard and Golden Retriever are more susceptible to TVT at average age 3 -4 years and 2-3 years whereas Pitbull and Rottweiler more affected with fibroma and fibrosarcoma at age 2-3 years while Leiomyoma (LM) and Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) were more frequent in Golden Retriever at age 2-3 and, 3-4 years respectively on the other hand Fibrosarcoma more frequently at 3-4 years age followed by Leiomyoma (LM) at 2-3 years age and finally Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) 3-4 years age. Finally, all the cases were subjected to a checkup monthly for six months after surgery and take special procedures and precautions if need in cases of malignancy. We concluded that, electrosurgery provides atraumatic, scalpel-like cutting precision and hemostasis, that resulting in reduced bleeding and tissue injury. Adding to, the important role of histopathology and immunohistopathological as well as hormonal receptors picture for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of vaginal tumors for the follow up of cases after surgery and take special percussions if need in cases of malignancy.