Abstract
Under conditions of tank washing several possible sparking mechanisms were investigated involving conducting objects not bonded to the tank. Some of the tests were done in a full-scale 12,000 m 3 shore tank containing an electrostatically charged mist generated by a tank washing machine. Sparking mechanisms were identified associated with the formation of unbonded conductors in the form of water masses (“water slugs”) by the water jets used for tank cleaning. Ignition experiments were performed using masses of water as unbonded conductors. They produced sparks of sufficient intensity to ignite hydrocarbon-air mixtures under conditions relevant to the practical situation in tankers.
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