Electrospun nanofibrous membrane functionalized with dual drug-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for the potential treatment of otitis externa

Abstract

External ear canal infections and inflammation (called otitis externa) represent considerable health and psychological problem. It is commonly treated via an ointment combination of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and dexamethasone (DEX). The ointment application has a shorter residence time, could fail to reach the target area, and their uncontrolled use could perforate the eardrum and promote superbugs infections. Therefore, current studies aimed to modulate drug release, drug performance, targeted drug delivery, and optimized single application of dual drugs based β-cyclodextrin (βCD) inclusion complex. Herein, polymer-free (βCD-CIP and βCD-DEX) and polymer-based (βCD-CIP/polycaprolactone and βCD-DEX/polycaprolactone) nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning in multilayered form. The surface of the inclusion complex entrapped nanofibers was coated with catechol-functionalized adhesive nanofibers. The morphological, physicochemical, thermo-mechanical, crystalline, and contact angle studies confirm the entrapment of inclusion complex in nanofibers. The studied polymer-based nanofibers were mechanically stable, convenient for storage, integrated and ensured amorphous distribution of both drugs, possessed initial burst, and then sustained drug release, and better inhibited bacterial growth. The surface adhesiveness and tunable biophysical properties could prolong drug residence and expand nanocomposite applicability. Overall, the designed nanofibrous system could enable single application-based dual drug delivery to treat ear canal infections.