Abstract
Ceramic nanofibers (NFs) have recently been developed for advanced applications due to their unique properties. In this article, we review developments in electrospun ceramic NFs with regard to their fabrication process, properties, and applications. We find that surface activity of electrospun ceramic NFs is improved by post pyrolysis, hydrothermal, and carbothermal processes. Also, when combined with another surface modification methods, electrospun ceramic NFs result in the advancement of properties and widening of the application domains. With the decrease in diameter and length of a fiber, many properties of fibrous materials are modified; characteristics of such ceramic NFs are different from their wide and long (bulk) counterparts. In this article, electrospun ceramic NFs are reviewed with an emphasis on their applications as catalysts, membranes, sensors, biomaterials, fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors, energy harvesting systems, electric and magnetic parts, conductive wires, and wearable electronic textiles. Furthermore, properties of ceramic nanofibers, which enable the above applications, and techniques to characterize them are briefly outlined.
Highlights
Ceramics are widely used in many applications due to their chemical and thermal stability, and high mechanical and electrical properties arising as a result of ionic and covalent bonds between the atoms composing them [1,2]
Since ceramic precursor solution does not have enough viscosity to make a jet during electrospinning procedure, a polymer reagent is often used in spinning solution aimed at developing ceramic NFs
In order to preform the bending test examination, first NFs are collected on an interdigitated electrode plates as shown in Figure 16a and in order to study the effect of larger deformations on the output voltage of the electroactive NFs, a finger which protected by an insulator glove in order to prevent interferences from human bioelectricity, is used to apply a periodic dynamic loading on the top of the generator by simple tapping during which, the positive and the negative output voltage is measured
Summary
Ceramics are widely used in many applications due to their chemical and thermal stability, and high mechanical and electrical properties arising as a result of ionic and covalent bonds between the atoms composing them [1,2]. Advantages of electrospinning methods aid to fabricate composite NFs in which the ceramic in which the ceramic nanoparticles (NPs), hydroxyapatite (HA) here, is randomly decorated on the nanoparticles (NPs), hydroxyapatite (HA) here, is randomly decorated on the PA6 fibers without. Thisspecial review covers special syntheticare procedures, effectiveregard parameters obtain ceramic and their to characterize the mechanical, physical and electrical properties of electrospun ceramic applications are discussed with regard to the experimental findings. This review covers special methods developed to characterize the mechanical, physical and electrical properties of electrospun methods ceramic. As ceramic precursor solution does not have enough viscosity to make a jet during
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