Abstract
In recent years, ecological issues have led to the search for new green materials from biomass as precursors for producing carbon materials (CNFs). Such green materials are more attractive than traditional petroleum-based materials, which are environmentally harmful and non-biodegradable. Biomass could be ideal precursors for nanofibers since they stem from renewable sources and are low-cost. Recently, many authors have focused intensively on nanofibers’ production from biomass using microwave-assisted pyrolysis, hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonication method, but only a few on electrospinning methods. Moreover, still few studies deal with the production of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass. This review focuses on the new developments and trends of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass and aims to fill this research gap. The review is focusing on recollecting the most recent investigations about the preparation of carbon nanofiber from biomass and biopolymers as precursors using electrospinning as the manufacturing method, and the most important applications, such as energy storage that include fuel cells, electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors, as well as wastewater treatment, CO2 capture, and medicine.
Highlights
Increasing environmental awareness and ecological problems have led in recent years to new green materials made from biomass as precursors for the production of carbon materials (CNFs) receiving more research attention, as they seemed to be more attractive than traditional petroleum-based materials, which are polluting, toxic and nonbiodegradable [1]
Gan et al analyzed the preparation of biomass cellulosederived carbon nanofibers by electrospinning with bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) at different pyrolysis temperatures for the removal of rhodamine B (RhB) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) [143]
Biomass is an available and sustainable material that can be converted into carbon nanofibers for various applications
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Sium oxide templating to produce anode materials for lithium-ion batteries at the end of the process [10] This example shows the complexity of getting carbon nanofibers using traditional techniques, and the simple and low-cost production of carbon nanofibers by electrospinning offers an excellent solution. Great research interest in recent years shows the use of biomass for the production of nanofibers from the biomass and natural biopolymers used as a precursor for carbon and carbon nanofibers to make the contribution to the ecological point of view and the extraction of raw materials from natural resources. This overview summarizes and presents the current developments. Carbon nanofibers derived from biomass provide an alternative method for various industrial applications, reducing economic costs and environmental impact
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