Electrospinning of bitter gourd shape CoNiSe2@N carbon nanofibers as absorbers for electromagnetic wave attenuation

Abstract

Among all designated microwave absorbers, the combination of magnetic metal with carbon nanomaterials has been considered as one of the most effective ways for the absorption of electromagnetic wave (EMW). The incorporation of doped magnetic metal nanoparticles (NPs) with carbon nanomaterials provides excellent magnetic loss. Additionally, carbon matrix possesses tunable dielectric properties and designable microstructure which could further improving the performance of the EMW absorption. Herein, N-doped carbon nanofibers doped with CoNiSe2 NPs was fabricated by electrospinning, carbonization and selenization process using for the EMW absorbers. The lowest reflection loss (RL) of −47.7 dB at the thickness of 2.1 mm while an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.12 GHz at the thickness of 2.4 mm was achieved. The enhanced EMW attenuating properties can be attributed to the multiple EMW reflections, interfacial polarization between the fibers and magnetic loss facilitated by CoNiSe2 NPs. This work provides a promising strategy for introducing multiple components to improve the EMW absorbing properties and can be potentially extended to the fabrication of other functional anti-electromagnetic materials.