Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus(DM) a metabolic disorder is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. Nerve conduction studies(NCS) are commonly employed to detect the neuropathy. The present study was undertaken to find out the utility of NCS as an early indicator of neuropathy in diabetic patients. Materials & methods: Study was carried out in 50 diagnosed DM patients attending OPD in Medicine, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. Diabetic subjects were selected having FBS >110 mg/dL with duration of DM > 5 years. Their HbA1c levels were measured for glycaemic control. Diabetic patients with good glycaemic control were grouped in group A & that with poor glycaemic control in group B. 25 age matched non-diabetic & healthy subjects were selected for control group C. NCS was performed at Institute of Spine, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad. Nerve conduction parameters like compound muscle action potential(CMAP), sensory nerve action potential(SNAP), nerve conduction velocity(NCV) & distal latency(DL) were studied. Results: In our study there is increase in DL of peroneal, sural; median & ulnar sensory nerves in group B subjects. NCV of sensorimotor nerves is significantly decreased in group B subjects. SNAP of all nerves is reduced in group A & B. CMAP is reduced significantly in all nerves in group B. Conclusion: As DM progress further, it increases risk of neuronal involvement which can be accelerated by poor glycaemic control. Our result indicates demyelinating type of neuropathy with some changes of axonopathy. Therefore NCS is done for early detection of neuropathy in DM patients.
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder that is characterized by defect in insulin secretion &/or insulin action resulting in hyperglycaemia
Symptoms of Diabetic neuropathy (DN) include a sensation of pain, numbness, tingling, burning or prickling that begins in the feet
This study was carried out at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad in DM patients attending OPD of Medicine. 50 diabetic patients were selected on basis of following criteria: (1) DM patients with complains of tingling, numbness, burning & prickling sensations in the limbs, (2) FBS > 110 mg/dL, (3) History of DM for more than 5 years
Summary
DM is an endocrine disorder that is characterized by defect in insulin secretion &/or insulin action resulting in hyperglycaemia. There are three general types of diabetic neuropathy that affect the nerves of the nervous system. They include sensory neuropathy, called peripheral neuropathy(PN), in which the nerves that carry messages about sensation to the brain are damaged. The present study was undertaken to find out the utility of NCS as an early indicator of neuropathy in diabetic patients. Diabetic subjects were selected having FBS >110 mg/dL with duration of DM > 5 years Their HbA1c levels were measured for glycaemic control. Results: In our study there is increase in DL of peroneal, sural; median & ulnar sensory nerves in group B subjects.
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