Abstract
Abstract In undoped and doped bismuth germanate, tellurium dioxide, zinc tungstate and lithium niobate single crystals grown from melts of congruent compositions as-grown, impurity-induced composition modulation of wavelengths between 1.5 and 225 nm could be observed by electron microscopy. A detailed study of Ti-and/or Mg-doped lithium niobate samples of different dopant concentrations showed that over a critical Ti concentration of about 0.25 mM/M the composition modulations extend from the microscopic to macroscopic dimensions of the crystals.
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