Abstract
We describe our investigations of electron beam sintering of multilayer ZrO2-Al2O3 composite ceramics in the forevacuum pressure range (~30 Pa). To generate the electron beam, a plasma-cathode electron source operating in the forevacuum pressure range was used; this kind of source provides the capability of direct processing of non-conducting materials. We studied the effect of electron beam sintering on the temperature drop with sample depth for different layer thicknesses and determined the optimal layer thickness to ensure minimal temperature drop. We show that in order to minimize the temperature difference and improve the sintering, it is necessary to take into account the thermophysical parameters of the sintered materials. Forming a layered structure taking into account the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the layer materials allows a reduction in the temperature gradient by 150 °C for samples of 3 mm thickness.
Highlights
Ceramic materials are widely used in many industries: microelectronic, automotive, aerospace, and medicine
Since the main task was to study electron beam sintering of complex gradient compacts of aluminum oxide and zirconium dioxide ceramics, we first investigated the effect of electron beam heating of samples compacted from 100% aluminum oxide and 100%
The temperature difference between the sample layers contributes to the formation of cracks due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of Al2 O3 and ZrO2
Summary
Ceramic materials are widely used in many industries: microelectronic, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. In particular, Al2 O3 -ZrO2 -based systems, are replacing several structural metals and alloys. Composite ceramics are characterized by some unique physical and chemical properties not found in other classes of materials, such as hardness, compressive strength, bending, high corrosion resistance, resistance to aggressive media and thermal shock, high-temperature serviceability, and thermal expansion coefficients close to those of metals and alloys [7]. The main methods of forming gradient materials can be divided into two types. The gradient structure is formed sequentially and layer by layer; in the other, by sintering a multilayer sample. The advantage of forming the gradient structure in a sequential and layer-by-layer manner is the possibility of creating samples of complex shape, with greater porosity [17]
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