Electromechanical property of calcium-doped lithium niobate (CaO-LiNbO3) ceramic nano powder

Abstract

The crystal form of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is a multipurpose material possessing properties like piezoelectric, nonlinear optical, and electro-optic capability. This work examined the temperature-dependent behaviors of calcium-doped lithium niobate (CaO-LiNbO3) and also revealed its dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical capabilities. By using a solid-state reaction method, CaO-LiNbO3 ceramic powders were created. Precursors like niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) were used to prepare these solid solutions. These precursors served as the source for Nb, Ca, and Li. The sample was calcinated in a muffle furnace at 800℃ for four hours which provided the ceramic structures. X-ray diffraction (XRD), an impedance analyzer, and a d33 meter were used to characterize the ceramic structures and other properties of the composites. The XRD analysis shows that the crystal structure of the CaO-LiNbO3 system is rhombohedral for all compositions. The dielectric constant increases with the increase in temperature. The piezoelectric activities of lithium niobate ceramics were significantly enhanced by calcium (CaO) doping. From room temperature to 500°C, the electromechanical coupling factors of the CaO-LiNbO3 crystal exhibit good temperature stability. Piezoelectric constant (d33) of 74pCN−1 and maximum electromechanical coupling factors of 49% were attained through this research.