Abstract
THE brilliant experiment of Lamb and Retherford1 has conclusively demonstrated that in the hydrogen atom the 2S-level is higher than the 2P1/2-level by about 10 megacycles, a result which reveals a breakdown of the Dirac equation of the electron when applied even to the simplest of the atoms. In a fundamental paper, Bethe2 has given an explanation of the observed level-shift on the assumption that the transverse self-energy of the electron, in general, depends on the state in which the electron is.
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