Electroencephalographic and Neuroimaging Asymmetry Correlation in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

M. Longarzo,G. Mele,V. Alfano,C. Cavaliere,M. Salvatore,M. Aiello

doi:10.1155/2020/4838291

Abstract

The present study explores the correlation between electroencephalographic and neuroimaging asymmetry index from EEG-MRI functional connectome and EEG power analysis in inattention, motion, and mixed profile subgroups of ADHD. Sixty-two subjects from Healthy Brain Network Biobank of the Child Mind Institute dataset were selected basing on the quotient score. From both MRI and EEG asymmetry index, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, and partial least square analysis were performed matching left and right brain parcels and channels. The asymmetry index significantly correlated across subjects between fMRI and power-EEG in the inattention group in frontal and temporal areas for theta and alpha bands, an anticorrelation in the same areas for delta band was found. Significant patterns of hemispheric asymmetry index have been reported, involving EEG bands that underlie cognitive impairments in ADHD. Alpha and theta bands were altered in the inattention group of patients, reflecting widespread deficiency of basic attentional processing.

Highlights

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequent childhood disorders, characterized by symptoms as hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention that affect social and school/work functioning
asymmetry index (AI) was calculated for each of the three metrics (FC-fMRI, functional connectivity (FC)-EEG, and power-EEG) for every subject belonging to “inattention,” “motion,” “mixed profile,” and ADHD total group
The correlations from the randomized network showed no statistical significance using the AI generated from randomized network between the three metrics (FC-fMRI, functional connectome of EEG (FC-EEG), and power-EEG) (Figure 3)

Summary

Introduction

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequent childhood disorders, characterized by symptoms as hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention that affect social and school/work functioning. Clinical research showed that the predominant features of adult ADHD are inattentive symptoms instead of hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, prevalent in childhood ADHD. This disorder has a pervasive symptomatologic expression associated with many brain structural and functional correlates. The putamen has been recognized as a primary structure in ADHD, since it has connections with cortical motor areas and is involved in higher-order cognitive functions like working memory [8]. Shaw et al [9] found increasing asymmetry in posterior temporooccipital areas due to reduced volume of prefrontal regions, and Dang et al [10] found structural asymmetry in the caudate nucleus. Douglas et al [11] reported increased volumetric asymmetry indexes in ADHD, confirmed by white matter results, in frontoparietal circuitry

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Conclusion