Electrodynamics of electric power transmission and losses in devices of electric transport systems

Mykola Kostin

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201818001003

Abstract

For the first time, the “field” approach for explaining the processes of transmission and generation of electric power losses in devices of electric transport systems is described and theoretically substantiated on the basis of the theory of electromagnetic field. The results of the solution of the system of electromagnetic field equations show that it is energetically appropriate to design low-floor types of electric rolling stock. A qualitative view of electric power flows arriving through the air of the feeder zone from the traction substation and entering to the electric rolling stock through the roof and the front part of its body is presented. It is established that the main flow of energy enters through the roof porcelain insulator. At the same time, the electromagnetic waves partly penetrate into the metal surfaces of roof and frontal part of the body, and partially they are reflected from them creating losses of active power. The results of calculations of these losses, power factor and reactive power factor of the electric locomotive roof are shown. The relation between the standing waves, formed in the feeder zone, and the reactive power consumed by the electric rolling stock is established.

Highlights

Existing scientific publications, highlighting findings of electric power processes in electric transport systems, are based on the “circuit approach”, i.e. on the theory of linear or nonlinear electric and magnetic circuits
After all, we present the most important justification of the above
Electromagnetic waves propagating in the middle part of the airspace 1 between the catenary system and the rail, fall onto the front part of the locomotive body which consists of glass 7 and lower metal part 8 (Fig. 2)

Summary

Introduction

Existing scientific publications, highlighting findings of electric power processes in electric transport systems, are based on the “circuit approach”, i.e. on the theory of linear or nonlinear electric and magnetic circuits. According to the theoretical bases of electrical engineering, electromagnetic energy (electric power) is transmitted from the source (traction substation) to the consumer (electric locomotive) not trough the wires (i.e. electric circuit), but through the dielectric (air) between (and behind) the wires and it is transmitted not by charges, but by electromagnetic field, i.e. by electromagnetic waves. In this regard, the author of the present work covers a set of electrical power issues concerning power transmission in electric transport systems. The direction of the vector S , i.e. direction of power flow in the given point, coincides with the forward movement of t he r i ght handed prop eller at the r o tation of vectors of Е − Н from vector Е to vector Н towards a smaller corner between them

Elements of the theory of wave reflection and refraction

Power flow in the air between a catenary system and a rail

Energy flow falling on the front of the locomotive body

Relationship between reactive-power and standing electromagnetic waves

Conclusions