Abstract
The present work describes, for the first time, the electrodeposition of NiSn alloy/reduced graphene oxide composite coatings (NiSn-rGO) obtained under pulse current electrodeposition conditions from deep eutectic solvents (choline chloride: ethylene glycol eutectic mixtures) containing well-dispersed GO nanosheets. The successful incorporation of the carbon-based material into the metallic matrix has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A decrease in the crystallite size of the coating was evidenced when graphene oxide was added to the electrolyte. Additionally, the topography and the electrical properties of the materials were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The corrosion behavior in 0.5 M NaCl solution was analyzed through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods for different immersion periods, up to 336 h, showing a slightly better corrosion performance as compared to pure NiSn alloy.
Highlights
In recent years, graphene and its derivatives have attracted considerable attention, since they have found potential applications in diverse areas such as electronics, energy storage, sensors, light processing, medical and industrial processes [1].Graphene (G), consisting of a single layer of graphite where the sp2 carbon bonded atoms are hexagonally arranged, attracted increased attention due to its unique optical, mechanical, conductive and electronic properties, chemical inertness and impermeability to ion diffusion
The electrochemical impedance spectra of NiSn-P3.3 alloy and NiSn-reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-P3.3 composite coatings recorded at open circuit potential (OCP) in 0.5 M NaCl solution for different immersion periods are illustrated in Figure 16 as Nyquist and Bode plots
NiSn-rGO composite coatings on copper substrates can be successfully performed with choline
Summary
Graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) have attracted considerable attention, since they have found potential applications in diverse areas such as electronics, energy storage, sensors, light processing, medical and industrial processes [1]. In spite of the promising characteristics that the metal and alloy composite coatings reinforced with graphene-related materials may provide, their electrochemical preparation using aqueous solutions sometimes suffers from some limitations, related to the occurrence of hydrogen evolution as a secondary reaction affecting the cathodic efficiency, the narrow electrochemical window and sometimes the complexity and toxicity of the electrolyte composition, requiring the use of additives To address these shortcomings, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been used for the electrodeposition of a large range of metals and alloys, including their composites with various carbon-based nanomaterials [27,28]. Considering all the studies discussed above, the present study reports the electrodeposition and characterization of nickel-tin alloy with reduced graphene oxide as a composite synthesized under pulse current conditions from a choline chloride:ethylene glycol mixture (1:2 mole ratio) as a deep eutectic solvent (DES). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation reporting the electrodeposition and characterization of NiSn-rGO composite coatings involving DESs
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