Electrodepositing Ni-TiN nanocomposite Layers with Applying Action of Ultrasonic Waves

Abstract

Ultrasonic wave was applied to prepare nanocermet Ni–TiN composite layers on steel substrates during electrodeposition. The action of mechanical disturbance by ultrasonic waves on electrolyte mass transfer, the inhibition of nanoparticle aggregation by ultrasonic cavitation and the effect of electric pulse parameters on the nucleation and growth of grains were investigated. Proper utilization of the mechanical disturbance and cavitation effects of ultrasonic waves could improve the mass transfer of the electrolyte and inhibit the aggregation of TiN nanoparticles, leading to homogeneous dispersion of the particles in the plated layer. Electricity pulses of high amplitude, narrow width and low occupancy accelerated the nucleation and inhibited the growth of metal grains, resulting in nano-sized nickel grains of homogeneous size. The nanocermet Ni–TiN composite layer consisted of nanocrystalline nickel (40–60 nm) and TiN nanoparticles was obtained on the surface of common metal substrates using optimum conditions.