Abstract
Ammonium hexafluorotitanate and boric acid aqueous solutions were used as precursors for the growth of titanium oxide films on indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate. For as-grown titanium oxide film used in an electrochromic device, Li+ ions from electrolyte will be trapped to hydroxyl groups and degrade the electrochromic durability during the cyclic voltammogram characterization. For niobium doped titanium oxide film, lower growth rate from more HF incorporation from the niobium doped solution and rougher surface morphology from the formation of nanocrystals were obtained. However, niobium doping reduces hydroxyl groups and the electrochromic durability is enhanced from 5 × 103 to 1 × 104 times. The transmittance is enhanced from 37 to 51% at the wavelength of 550 nm.
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