Electrochemical Sensor for Therapeutic Monitoring of Ganciclovir in Spiked Plasma Samples Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with CuO nanoparticles

Abstract

Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug that is mainly used in treating viral infections like cytomegalovirus and many other infections. An electrochemical method was developed for the determination of ganciclovir in presence of warfarin. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied using a carbon paste electrode modified with copper oxide nanoparticles for the quantification of ganciclovir. The quantification was carried out in Britton Robinson buffer pH 2.5 with scanning potential ranging from 0.0 V to 1.5 V and scan rate 0.0125 V s−1. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines and the method was found to be linear over two ranges: 1.0 × 10−6 M–8.0 × 10−6 M and 1.0 × 10−5 M–8.0 × 10−5 M. Finally, the method was successfully applied for determination of ganciclovir in spiked human plasma samples which makes it a promising tool for easy and direct future therapeutic drug monitoring of ganciclovir in clinical settings. The green analytical procedure index (GAPI) and the Eco-scale tools were applied for assessing the greenness of the method and it was found to be green.