Abstract
Detecting warfarin levels in the blood is of critical importance in anticoagulant therapy because it is imperative that the concentration of the drug is maintained within a specific range. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept of a novel sensing device based on ion-selective electrode (ISE) technology for the direct detection of warfarin in blood samples without any sample pretreatment. We used tetradodecylammonium chloride (TDDA) as an ion-exchanger to fabricate an ion-selective membrane. The ISE we developed showed high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.25 × 10−7 M and 1.4 × 10−5 M for detecting warfarin in buffer and blood, respectively. The sensor also exhibited promising selectivity in identifying the presence of various ions including chloride and salicylate, the most abundant ions in blood with a calibration slope of 58.8 mV/dec. We envision combining the ISE with a microfluidic system and a simple potentiometer to produce a sensitive, selective, and portable point-of-care testing device for monitoring the level of warfarin in patients’ blood during treatment.
Highlights
Received: 17 December 2021Prescription drugs play an increasing role in everyday life
High-molecular-weight poly (PVC), tetradodecylammonium chloride (TDDA), (2-nitrophenyloctylether (o-NPOE), tetra-hydro-furan (THF), and warfarin were of analytical grade and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
We developed a novel ion-selective electrode (ISE) to be used as a selective and sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) device
Summary
Received: 17 December 2021Prescription drugs play an increasing role in everyday life. One of the methods by which patients are able to oversee their health is by monitoring their blood work (including for drug dosage) using point-of-care testing (POCT) devices An example of this is the universal use of personal glucose meters by patients suffering from diabetes [3,4]. A number of anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs are employed routinely in the treatment of medical conditions such as blood vessel disease, atrial fibrillation, stroke, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, and deep vein thrombosis [5]. Examples of such drugs in common use are Eliquis (apixaban), Pradaxa (dabigatran), Coumadin (warfarin), and Plavix (clopidogrel). Despite the advent of newer drugs, warfarin
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
