Abstract
A highly sensitive electrochemical DNA sensor for detection of the chemotherapeutic drug idarubicin mediated by Methylene blue (MB) has been developed. DNA from fish sperm has been immobilized at the electropolymerized layers of Azure B. The incorporation of MB into the DNA layers substantially increased the sensor sensitivity. The concentration range for idarubicin determination by cyclic voltammetry was from 1 fM to 0.1 nM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 fM. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the presence of a redox probe ([Fe(CN)6]3−/4−) allowed for the widening of a linear range of idarubicin detection from 1 fM to 100 nM, retaining LOD 0.3 fM. The DNA sensor has been tested in various real and artificial biological fluids with good recovery ranging between 90–110%. The sensor has been successfully used for impedimetric idarubicin detection in medical preparation Zavedos®. The developed DNA biosensor could be useful for the control of the level of idarubicin during cancer therapy as well as for pharmacokinetics studies.
Highlights
We describe the and first the timemoderate the determination limited by the solubility of monomers infor water efficiency of of idaelectropolDNA sensors based on electropolymerized Azure B
Azure BB obtained from buffer satuthis work, the polymeric obtained froma working aand working buffer satuwithInchloroform has been, for the first time, applied for the voltammetric impedimetric rated with chloroform has been, for the first time, applied for the voltammetric and im- imrated with chloroform has been, for the first time, applied for the voltammetric and determination of idarubicin, a cytostatic anthracycline chemotherapy drug used for acute pedimetric leukemia determination of idarubicin, a cytostatic anthracycline chemotherapy drug myelogenous andofthe chemotherapy of other cancer diseases
Methods were used to prove the assembling of the surface layer and assess the influence developed biosensor was sensitive towards idarubicin at physiological pH values
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Idarubicin (IDA (1)) is a cytostatic anthracycline chemotherapy drug with a broad action spectrum. In 1990, the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved IDA for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. It is used in lung, ovarian and advanced breast cancer, multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma therapy [1,2,3]. Preparation (red), in artificial mix(a) ture of idarubicin standard solution and lactose monohydrate (blue) on PAB-2/DNA-MB, EIS, 0.1 M Figurebuffer. (b)inconstant phase element dependence idarubicin 0.03 resistance,. ® medical preparation (red), in artificial mixconcentration in standard solution (black), in Zavedos
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