Abstract
In this article, we reported the elaboration of a nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on the polyaniline-supported Cu-CuO core-shell structure prepared on the 316L stainless steel electrode by electrochemical methods. In the first step, polyaniline (PANI) film was electrodeposited on the 316L substrate from a solution of 0.1 M aniline and 0.5 M sulfuric acid in absolute ethanol by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. In the second step, the copper particles were electrodeposited on the PANI film from CuCl2·2H2O 0.01 M precursor prepared in a KCl 0.1 M solution by the CV method. In the third step, Cu particles were partially oxidized to CuO by the CV method in a NaOH 0.1 M electrolyte to form a Cu-CuO core-shell structure supported on the PANI film. The as-prepared electrode (Cu-CuO/PANI/316L) was used to detect glucose in a NaOH 0.1 M solution. The Cu-CuO/PANI/316L sensor exhibited a linear range of 0.1–5 mM (R2 = 0.995) with a detection limit of 0.1 mM (S/N = 3) and high sensitivity of (25.71 mA·mM−1·cm−2). In addition, no significant interference was observed from sucrose, maltose, lactose, and ascorbic acid. The results showed that the polyaniline-supported Cu-CuO core-shell structure has the potential to be applied as an electrode material for the nonenzymatic glucose sensor.
Highlights
Nonenzymatic glucose sensor is considered a new generation device in glucose detection
Electrocatalytic properties of the CuCuO/PANI/316L electrode were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in 0.1 M NaOH solution containing 5 mM glucose within the potential range of 0–0.8 V at a scan rate of 100 mVs− 1. e sensing performance of the fabricated electrode-based nonenzymatic glucose sensor was studied by the chronoamperometry (CA) method at an applied potential of 0.63 V in 0.1 M NaOH electrolyte under constant stirring and successive addition of glucose in the range of 0 and 15 mM. e anti-interference of the sensor was analyzed by the sequential addition of 1 mM of sucrose, maltose, lactose, ascorbic acid, and glucose into a solution of 1 mM glucose in NaOH 0.1 M solution at a constant applied potential of 0.63 V
An increase in the current of peaks A and B shows that the deposition thickness increases with cycles. is characteristic of CV curves has been reported on another nonmetallic substrate, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) [35]
Summary
Nonenzymatic glucose sensor is considered a new generation device in glucose detection. Copper oxide (CuO) has attracted more interest owing to its easy manufacturing, inexpensive, abundant morphology, and high catalyst activity [12]. Reported a highly sensitive nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on the combination of copper nanoparticles, PANI, and graphene (CuNPs/PANI/ graphene) [28]; Ghanbari and Babaei synthesized a ternary NiO/CuO/PANI nanocomposite as an effective sensing material for nonenzymatic glucose detection in the alkaline electrolyte [29]. The use of the electrochemical methods in the development of the sensor makes it possible to control the thickness and morphology of the PANI film as well as the morphology and the structure of the copper-based catalyst contributing to improving the performance of the sensor
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