Abstract
Abstract Present study proposed the preparation, characterization and application of cobalt (Co), neodymium (Nd), and cerium (Ce) modified lead (PbO2) electrodes. Morphological and structural properties of as-prepared electrodes were determined by SEM, XRD, and XPS. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and accelerated life test were used to determine the electrocatalytic activity and stability of as-prepared electrodes. Higher oxygen evolution potentials (OEP) and longer service life were used to confirm the maximum electrocatalytic activity of Nd and Ce PbO2 electrodes. The electro-oxidation ability was examined with Acid Orange 7 (AO 7) treatments. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV–visible, and fluorescence spectrophotometric analysis of AO 7 treatment were confirmed that Nd and Ce PbO2 have excellent oxidation ability, higher AO 7 removal efficiency and higher total organic carbon (TOC) with a good correlation of instantaneous current efficiency (einst) and higher hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation rate, respectively. The effect of removal parameters was optimized with Ce PbO2 electrode. Results of AO 7 and TOC removal were reached up to 100% and 93.7%, respectively, after 180 min of electrolysis at the optimum condition of 0.2 M Na2SO4 concentration, 100 mg L–1 initial dye concentration, solution pH 7.0 and 20 mA cm–2 applied current density. Reusability and safety test analysis were used to detect the best results of AO 7 degradation with Ce PbO2 electrode. Mass spectroscopy and ion chromatography (IC) were used to detect the formation of intermediates by-products. Finally, based on the detection of reaction by-products, a plausible degradation pathway including radical reactions, ring opening and de-nitrification was proposed.
Published Version
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