Abstract
We report the electrochemical growth of gold nanowires with controlled dimensions andcrystallinity. By systematically varying the deposition conditions, both polycrystalline andsingle-crystalline wires with diameters between 20 and 100 nm are successfully synthesized inetched ion-track membranes. The nanowires are characterized using scanning electronmicroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning tunnellingmicroscopy and x-ray diffraction. The influence of the deposition parameters, especiallythose of the electrolyte, on the nanowire structure is investigated. Gold sulfite electrolyteslead to polycrystalline structure at the temperatures and voltages employed. In contrast,gold cyanide solution favours the growth of single crystals at temperatures between 50 and65 °C under both direct current and reverse pulse current deposition conditions. Thesingle-crystalline wires possess a [110] preferred orientation.
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