Electrochemical evaluation of proton beam radiation effect on the B16 cell culture

Melania Onea,Tiberiu Relu Esanu,Mihaela Bacalum,Mina Raileanu,Andreea Luminita Radulescu,Teodor Adrian Enache,Liviu Craciun

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06277-6

Abstract

The interaction of radiation with matter takes place through energy transfer and is accomplished especially by ionized atoms or molecules. The effect of radiation on biological systems involves multiple physical, chemical and biological steps. Direct effects result in a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within and outside and inside of the cells as well, which are responsible for oxidative stress. Indirect effects are defined as alteration of normal biological processes and cellular components (DNA, protein, lipids, etc.) caused by the reactive oxygen species directly induced by radiation. In this work, a classical design of an electrochemical (EC) three-electrodes system was employed for analyzing the effects of proton beam radiation on melanoma B16 cell line. In order to investigate the effect of proton radiation on the B16 cells, the cells were grown on the EC surface and irradiated. After optimization of the experimental set-up and dosimetry, the radiobiological experiments were performed at doses ranging between 0 and 2 Gy and the effect of proton beam irradiation on the cells was evaluated by the means of cyclic voltammetry and measuring the open circuit potential between working and reference electrodes.

Highlights

The interaction of radiation with matter takes place through energy transfer and is accomplished especially by ionized atoms or molecules
In order to underline the potential of electrochemical techniques to be used as a complementary approach for the investigation of reactive oxygen species generated by cells under “extreme” stress conditions, B16 melanoma line
Comparing the results obtained it was observed that the gold surface showed a high biocompatibility, highlighted by the number of cells and the specific morphology which are similar to the cells grown on the glass slide

Summary

Introduction

The interaction of radiation with matter takes place through energy transfer and is accomplished especially by ionized atoms or molecules. A classical design of an electrochemical (EC) three-electrodes system was employed for analyzing the effects of proton beam radiation on melanoma B16 cell line. Aside from the increase cost to obtain the beam, there are a number of issues related to the treatment planning of each patient (stopping power, the type of tumor and the surrounding organs, etc.)[12]. Beside these disadvantages, there is a lack of information regarding the mechanisms triggered after proton irradiation in cells. In comparison with conventional analysis this approach is promising to produce inexpensive methodologies and can be used for screening purposes

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