Abstract
Escherichia coli are Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of many different animals, including humans. E. coli can cause severe infections to humans if a foreign strain is ingested. Antibiotic resistance is a global problem for treating E. coli infections.1 A common class of drugs for treating Gram-negative infections are aminoglycosides, such as tobramycin (TOB). The presented work focuses on the quantification of cellular drug uptake to draw conclusions about the resistance phenotype in bacteria. This procedure is applicable to pathogens that are tobramycin-resistant either because of drug efflux or because they exhibit reduced membrane permeability. TOB is an electroactive molecule which is quantitatively detected directly using electroanalytical chemistry. Herein, both susceptible and resistant strains of E. coli were exposed to TOB and their ability to retain the drug is quantified using differential pulse voltammetry. The presented method successfully determines drug resistance in E. coli using electrochemistry.
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