Abstract
Enzymatic biosensors based in electrochemical responses are one of the most developed and studied devices for quantitative analysis. The combination of both electroanalytical methods and enzyme characteristics makes biosensors a very powerful technology for fast, selective, and low-cost analysis with applications in environmental, food, and clinical studies. In the present article, a brief description of these devices including their classification and the different construction strategies is given. Enzymatic activity and the various variables that might affect it are discussed along with strategies such as the use of nanomaterials to solve some drawbacks that such kind of biosensors uses to present.
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