Abstract
By assuming that ultra dense hybrid neutron stars are endowed with a distribution of electric charge, we study the corresponding twin star solutions and their properties resulting from a sharp first order transition from confined hadronic to a deconfined quark phase. Two distinct quark matter equations of state with increasing stiffness are considered and the values for the maximum gravitational masses of the hadronic and hybrid twin configurations are obtained for different values of the total electric charge. Interestingly, our calculations indicate that sharp transitions make charged twin hybrid stars more massive than their neutral counterparts, and that the {2},{hbox {M}_{odot }} constraint from PSR J0740+6620 is surpassed for standard values of electric charge and can be considered stable only satisfying partial M/partial epsilon _0 > 0. In particular, our charged stellar models reach masses even higher than the unknown compact object measured in the GW190814 event.
Highlights
IntroductionOne of the main constraints in the equation of state (EoS) comes from the mass of the most massive pulsars observed (≈ 2 M ), since a viable EoS has to be able to generate compact stars with a maximum mass higher than this constraint
Consequence, a future discovery of twin stars will be important to improve our understanding about the equation of state (EoS) of compact objects
One has for both models that the presence of an electric charge distribution implies stellar configurations that have a larger mass and radius compared to its neutral counterparts
Summary
One of the main constraints in the EoS comes from the mass of the most massive pulsars observed (≈ 2 M ), since a viable EoS has to be able to generate compact stars with a maximum mass higher than this constraint. We will see that our findings indicate that the presence of an electric charge distribution implies that twin stars with masses larger than 2.6 M are stable, i.e. the associated configurations satisfy the classic criteria ∂ M/∂ 0 > 0, which is the stability condition for sharp first order transitions characterized by a rapid conversion between phases [36]. Notice that this can only be considered an application of our generic results but not the main finding which deals with different classifications for the transitions.
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