Electrical Resistivity - Tomography Studies In Determining Shallow Aquifer Potential Zones a Case Study in Different Terrains

Abstract

The study documents the effectiveness of 2 D (Two Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Survey (Tomography) to map shallow subsurface geological formations namely recent Alluvium, Gondwana deposits and hard rock deposits. 2 dimensional Electrical Resistivity Survey (or tomography) was conducted at 2 locations at Valarpuram and one location Madurantakam areas. Gondwana deposits mask Valarpuram Thandalam, villages (at Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu). To the east of Valarpuram alluvium thickness increases at shallow depths. Weathered and hard granitic gneiss and hard charnockite rocks overlie topsoil in Madurantakam areas (Chengalpettu District, Tamilandu). The survey was conducted to 12 m depth to decipher shallow permeable zones. Gondwana formations consisting of clays, siltstones are predominant in Valarpuram Thandalam and surrounding areas. Hard rock formations are found in Madurantakam areas. 2 Dimensional Resistivity Survey results indicate 2-D sections with very low resistivity values in the range of 2 to 4 ohm-m in Valarpuram Thandalam areas indicating predominant clay deposits with poor ground water potential. To the east of Valarpuram Thandalam resistivity data is of moderately higher value indicating sand deposits at shallow depths. These are ideal locations for dug wells. Low to moderate values at shallow depths indicating weathered thickness up to 12 m are observed at Madurantakam location. From 12m depth steep rise in resistivity values are observed in hard indicating presence of massive rock from 12m depth and below areas. Thus, 2 D Resistivity Imaging Technique are helpful in delineating shallow aquifer potential and this in turn helps in deciding the depth of open wells with high precision.