Abstract
Electroactive macrocycle building blocks are a promising route to new types of functional two-dimensional porous organic frameworks. Our strategy uses conjugated macrocycles that organize into two dimensional porous sheets via non-covalent van der Waals interactions, to make ultrathin films that are just one molecule thick. In bulk, these two-dimensional (2D) sheets stack into a three-dimensional van der Waals crystal, where relatively weak alkyl–alkyl interactions constitute the interface between these sheets. With the liquid-phase exfoliation, we are able to obtain films as thin as two molecular layers. Further using a combination of liquid-phase and mechanical exfoliation, we are able to create non-covalent sheets over a large area (>100 μm2). The ultrathin porous films maintain the single crystal packing from the macrocyclic structure and are electrically conductive. We demonstrate that this new type of 2D non-covalent porous organic framework can be used as the active layer in a field effect transistor device with graphene source and drain contacts along with hexagonal boron nitride as the gate dielectric interface.
Highlights
All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Electroactive macrocycle building blocks are a promising route to new types of functional two-dimensional porous organic frameworks
We demonstrate that this new type of 2D noncovalent porous organic framework can be used as the active layer in a field effect transistor device with graphene source and drain contacts along with hexagonal boron nitride as the gate dielectric interface
Summary
All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry. By adjusting the relative strengths of the interactions that direct the assembly within the plane and those holding the twodimensional layers with respect to each other, we can exfoliate these non-covalent porous frameworks using the same means employed for traditional two-dimensional van der Waals materials.[30] Using liquid-phase and mechanical exfoliation, we create porous lms that are as thin as two-layers of molecules These new results are exciting and useful because previously we were not able to obtain such high-ordered thin porous lm directly from its bulk crystal and were limited to investigating the electronic properties of this hollow organic capsules in spincoated lms. Characterization is contained in the ESI† and a previous report.[31 1] has several important molecular features in its solid-state assembly
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