Abstract
This paper presents results of experimental investigation into dielectric properties of silicon oxide lignin (SiO2-L) particles dispersed with various mass fractions in ethylene glycol (EG). Measurements were conducted at a controlled temperature, which was changed from 298.15 to 333.15 K with an accuracy of 0.5 and 0.2 K for dielectric properties and direct current (DC) electrical conductivity, respectively. Dielectric properties were measured with a broadband dielectric spectroscopy device in a frequency range from 0.1 to 1 MHz, while DC conductivity was investigated using a conductivity meter MultiLine 3410 working with LR925/01 conductivity probe. Obtained results indicate that addition of even a small amount of SiO2-L nanoparticles to ethylene glycol cause a significant increase in permittivity and alternating current (AC) conductivity as well as DC conductivity, while relaxation time decrease. Additionally, both measurement methods of electrical conductivity are in good agreement.
Highlights
The beginning of the XXI century was a time when a constant increase in consumerism led to a continuous growth in energy demand, which resulted in raising the use of fossil fuel resources and raw minerals, and has had rough consequences for the environment
Comparing permittivity of pure ethylene glycol (EG) (Figure 2a) with SiO2-L-EG nanofluids with various mass fractions (0.01—Figure 2b, 0.02—Figure 2c, 0.03—Figure 2d), it is clearly visible that the addition of SiO2-L nanoparticles causes an increase in permittivity and shift border of these two regions towards higher frequency
Based on the chosen experimental data (Figure 3), it is obvious that the addition of nanoparticles above 1 wt.% strongly affected the increase in permittivity of ethylene glycol
Summary
The beginning of the XXI century was a time when a constant increase in consumerism led to a continuous growth in energy demand, which resulted in raising the use of fossil fuel resources and raw minerals, and has had rough consequences for the environment. A promising idea to resolve or at least reduce some problems with energy systems and their efficiency brings nanotechnology with novel material types, such as nanomaterials One group of these materials are nanoparticles (np)—solid particles with at least one dimension lower than 100 nm. Choi and Eastman in 1995 [11] They investigated thermal properties of copper nanoparticles dispersed in water and found that the addition of these nanoparticles can enhance thermal conductivity by 350%. They used the term “nanofluid” (nf) to refer to a suspension of nanoparticles for the first time. Murshed and de Castro [15] discussed in details conduction and convection heat transfer characteristics of various nanofluids in which ethylene glycol (EG) is a base fluid (bf)
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