Abstract
This paper summarizes the theory and principles of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) with focus on illuminating the design criteria involved in the radial and axial dimensions of different electrodes used in ECT sensors. After addressing the basic principles, the focus shifts to design and modeling of ECT sensors and culminates in experimental verifications. Different aspects of ECT sensor design and some principles of image reconstruction are addressed. The concept of capacitance, which is the property measured, and how this is related to the field quantities are reviewed. In addition, the reasons for the form and location of guard electrodes are also given in a pertinent way based on field theoretical simulations. This perspective is useful for both academia and industry
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