Abstract
Electric charges carried by positive and negative muons in units of an electric charge, ${\mathit{e}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$/e=1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}7}$ and ${\mathit{e}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$/e=-1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}5}$, are derived from the theoretical and experimental values of the ground-state hyperfine-structure intervals \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu} in muonium and muonic helium atoms as tests of electric-charge quantization for muons. These results also provide a test of CPT symmetry for positive and negative muon charges, with an accuracy of 2 parts in ${10}^{5}$. Further improvements can be made from more precise theoretical and experimental values for \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu} in muonium and muonic helium atoms with the approach described in this paper.
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