Electric charge quantization in SU(3)c ⊗ SU(n)L ⊗ U(1)Y gauge models

Abstract

We prove that the Cotăescu general method of solving SU(3)c ⊗ SU(n)L ⊗ U(1)Y gauge models exactly predicts the observed electric charge quantization, as the theory remains renormalizable, both in its strong and electroweak sectors, while all the fermions get their masses—by means of Yukawa terms—the spontaneous symmetry breakdown (SSB) successively. The latter is achieved by a scalar sector consisting of n Higgs multiplets, each acquiring its own vacuum expectation value (VEV).