Abstract
The reversative value is a kind of opposition between verbs which may manifest lexical or morphologically. In the case of Spanish, the reversative is one of the most productive values of the prefix des- when it joins to verbal bases in order to create new verbs. Traditionally it has been assumed that this value is triggered when the prefix is adhered to telic bases, and as consequence the reversative is also conceived as telic. The aim of this paper is to explain the behavior of reversative verbs in terms of their “marked” nature, in the sense that they allude to a previous state. The kind of opposition between the base verb and the derived verb is in a way reflected in the verbal image of the reversative. More generally, this paper highlights the importance of pragmatic principles in the analysis of grammatical categories.
Highlights
The reversative value is a kind of opposition between verbs
it joins to verbal bases in order to create new verbs
it has been assumed that this value is triggered when the prefix is adhered to telic bases
Summary
El valor reversativo es un tipo de oposición, o, en palabras de Lyons (1977), un contraste entre dos términos; de manera más específica∗, se trata de una relación de oposición entre verbos, donde el significado de uno de ellos invierte el significado del otro. De igual forma, los reversativos morfológicos son formas marcadas, pues siempre remiten a un estado anterior con respecto al cual el estado resultante del verbo derivado mantiene una relación de oposición. El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer que existen diversos tipos de reversativos morfológicos, creados a partir del prefijo des-, en función del tipo de oposición que se establece entre el estado resultante del predicado base y el estado resultante del predicado derivado. El apartado 4 aborda el análisis de distintos tipos de reversativos en función del tipo de oposición que se establece entre los estados resultantes de base y derivado. Finalmente, el apartado 5 cierra el trabajo con las conclusiones alcanzadas
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