Abstract
More than four decades since the end of Franco’s dictatorship, part of the Spanish collective memory identifies the dictatorship as the first great promoter of the Welfare State in Spain. Historiographical research has dismantled the old, though effective, myths used to justify the origin of the military rebellion and the famine, as well as the myth intended to redeem the dictatorship based on the subsequent economic modernization. However, the myth of Franco’s dictatorship as creator of the social welfare system in Spain that anticipated the current one remains. Many investigations conducted by historians of medicine and economics on Franco’s dictatorship social policies demonstrate the exaggeration of this type of perceptions. They also reveal a more complex reality and the need for in-depth discussion to which this paper is intended to contribute.
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