Ekskresi Natrium Dan Iodium Urine Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar Dan Dewasa (Urinary Sodium and Iodine Concentration Among School Age Children and Adults)

Abstract

The prevalence of hypertension among people aged over 18 years old at national level is high (31.7%) and the median value of urinary iodine concentration among school age children is also high (224 µ/g/L). In Indonesia, all salt for consumption should be iodised. Is there any relationship between urinary iodine and urinary sodium concentration? This study is to assess urinary sodium and iodine concentration among school age children and adults. The study is conducted in highland of Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang District, Central Java. The unit of sample is household that consist of male and female aged 18-45 years and school age children (aged 8-12 years). Total samples are 297 people consist of 99 male and 99 female adults and 99 school age children. Data collection includes sample of salt, 24 hours urine collections, 24 hours food recalls and anthropometric measurements. Percentage of Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) value with category of iodine deficiency is 55.6 percent and with category excess of iodine is only 1.0 percent. Percentage of Urinary Sodium Concentration (USC) value with category of low is 26.3 percent and with category high of sodium was 62.3 percent. Median value of UIC was 93 µg/L and median value of USC is 2588 mg/day. Around 37.4 percent of house-holds use salt that contained sufficient iodine. Almost all respondent (98%) consume food-stuff source of sodium such as monosodium glutamat, soy sauce and spices more than once a day. There is a positive correlation between USC and UIC. However, there is no correlation between urinary sodium concentration and sistolic blood pressure. Median value of urinary iodine is in the category of iodine deficiency and median value of urinary sodium concentration is in the category above the recommended requirement. Majority of sodium and iodine intakes come from salt added in cooking.