Çeşitli evsel atıkların Aureobasidium pullulans tarafından melanin sentezinde kullanılması

Abstract

It is known that food wastes occur in the entire food chain from farm to fork and pose a major problem worldwide. In Turkey, approximately 45 thousand tons of onion peel and 550 thousand tons of bread emerge as waste. On the other hand, the wastes of potato, apple, and pear in the field are approximately 455 thousand, 122 thousand, and 27 thousand tons per year, respectively. It is also known that the annual total kitchen waste generated only in Ankara is approximately 5.35 megatons. It is also obvious that traditional waste disposal methods cause environmental, economic, and social problems, and therefore, the conversion of food waste into biotechnological products with high added value is more sustainable, oriented to meet global needs, and is profitable. In this study, the potential use of onion, potato, apple, pear, and carrot peels, and bread residues for the production of melanin, a high-value-added pigment, by fermentation was investigated. In the fermentation studies, a native strain Aureobasidium pullulans AZ-6 and A. pullulans NBRC 100716 strain were used separately as inoculum. The highest total melanin production (3.71 g/L) from the food wastes in the study was achieved by A. pullulans NBRC 100716 with carrot peel extract, and a similar result (3.28 g/L) was obtained with apple peel extract. This study revealed that carrot and apple peels can be important substrate sources for melanin production.