Abstract
New criteria are established for the existence of multiple positive solutions of a Hammerstein integral equation of the form $$ u(t)= \int_{0}^1 k(t,s)g(s)f(s,u(s))ds \equiv Au(t) $$ where $k$ can have discontinuities in its second variable and $g \in L^{1}$. These criteria are determined by the relationship between the behaviour of $f(t,u)/u$ as $u$ tends to $0^+$ or $\infty$ and the principal (positive) eigenvalue of the linear Hammerstein integral operator $$ Lu(t)=\int_{0}^1 k(t,s)g(s)u(s)ds. $$ We obtain new results on the existence of multiple positive solutions of a second order differential equation of the form $$ u''(t)+g(t)f(t,u(t))=0 \quad\text{a.e. on } [0,1], $$ subject to general separated boundary conditions and also to nonlocal $m$-point boundary conditions. Our results are optimal in some cases. This work contains several new ideas, and gives a {\it unified} approach applicable to many BVPs.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.