Egyptian Propolis Alleviates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Attia H Atta,Samar M Mouneir,Sekena H Abdel-Aziem4,Soad M Nasr,Somia A Nassar

doi:10.24297/jac.v6i3.2649

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral administration of ethanol extract of propolis against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Oral administration of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) at doses 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg.b.wt. orally/daily for 7 days) against gentamicin- (GM) at dose 100 mg/kg b.wt., i.p./daily for 7days) induced nephrotoxicity in six equal groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood was collected 24 h after the last injection for determination of serum creatinine, urea, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity. Rats were euthanized and kidney tissue specimens were collected for determination of oxidative/antioxidative biomarkers, gene expression for antioxidative enzymes and DNA fragmentation. Significant increase in serum creatinine, urea and AST activity at the same time, and a depletion of aspartate aminotransferase activity was recorded in renal homogenate of GM only–treated rats compared to control group. Lipid peroxidation in renal tissue showed significant elevation in GM-only treated group, however, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase and its gene expression were markedly decreased. DNA fragmentation was significantly increased in renal tissue of GM- only treated rats. Oral administration of EEP exhibited curative effects by reversing GM-induced alterations in serum biochemical and renal tissue oxidative stress biomarkers. In conclusion, propolis is effective in preventing or ameliorating oxidative stress of gentamicin.

Highlights

Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which is used in clinical practice to treat severe gram-negative infections [1]
The incidence of aminoglycosides-induced nephrotoxicity has increased and about 30% of patients treated with GM for more than 7 days show some signs of nephrotoxicity [2]
Oxidative stress is a disturbance in the balance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense

Summary

Introduction

Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which is used in clinical practice to treat severe gram-negative infections [1]. The incidence of aminoglycosides-induced nephrotoxicity has increased and about 30% of patients treated with GM for more than 7 days show some signs of nephrotoxicity [2]. Other investigators have suggested that aminoglycosides antibiotics can stimulate formation of free radicals [3]. There have been many studies suggesting a significant role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GM-induced nephrotoxicity [4]. ROS scavengers and antioxidants have been used to ameliorate the GM-induced nephrotoxicity [5]. Oxidative stress is a disturbance in the balance between production of ROS and antioxidant defense. The body has developed major antioxidant defense mechanisms for the removal of free radicals

Objectives

Results

Conclusion