Abstract
Good plantation management is important to increase the productivity of immature oil palm plants, one of which is chemical weed control. This study aims to (1) determine the dosage of paraquat herbicide which is effective in controlling weeds in the area of immature oil palm plantations, (2) find out the differences in the composition of weed species on immature oil palm plates after application of the paraquat herbicide, (3) find out the phytotoxicity of paraquat herbicides in immature oil palm plants after the application of the paraquat dichloride herbicide. This research was carried out in the farmers' oil palm plantation in Jontor Village, Gayabaru District , Central Lampung Regency and Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from November 2017 to February 2018. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications and 6 treatments consisting dose of paraquat dichloride herbicide of 375g / ha, 500 g / ha, 625 g / ha, 750 g / ha, and mechanical weeding and without weed control (control). Homogeneity of the various data was tested by the Bartlett test, data additivity was tested by the Tukey test and the difference in the mean was tested with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at α 5 level. The result of the study showed that : (1) the herbicide paraquat dichloride dose of 375-750 g / ha effectively control weeds in total, weed leaf width of up to 8 week after application, weed grasses and weeds puzzle to 4 week after application, (2) the herbicide paraquat dichloride dose of 375-750 g / ha is effective in controlling Praxelis clematidea weeds up to 8 week after application, weed Ottochloa nodosa and Asystasia gangetica up to 4 week after application, (3) paraquate dichloride dosage levels 375-750 g / ha resulting in differences in weed composition at 4, 8 and 12 week after application , (4) dosages of 375 - 750 g / ha parakuat dichloride herbicides applied to dishes not poisoning immature oil palm plants.
Highlights
Pengelolaan perkebunan yang tepat dan efisien merupakan hal penting guna meningkatkan produktivitas kelapa sawit tanaman belum menghasilkan (TBM), salah satunya dengan pengendalian gulma secara kimiawi
Homogenitas ragam data diuji dengan uji Bartlett, additivitas data diuji dengan uji Tukey dan perberbedaan nilai tengah diuji dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf ĂĄ 5%
Kelapa Sawit Usaha Budidaya, Pemanfaatan Hasil, dan Aspek Pemasaran
Summary
Hasil penelitian (Tabel 1) menunjukkan bahwa herbisida parakuat diklorida pada dosis 375 â 750 g/ ha mampu mengendalikan gulma total dibanding kontrol pada piringan kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (TBM) sampai dengan 8 MSA. Hasil penelitian (Tabel 3) menunjukkan bahwa herbisisda parakuat diklorida dosis 375 â 750 g/ha dan penyiangan mekanis efektif mengendalikan gulma golongan rumput pada 4 MSA. Pada pengamatan 12 MSA, seluruh taraf dosis herbisida parakuat diklorida dan penyiangan mekanis tidak mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma rumput. Hasil penelitian (Tabel 4) pada pengamatan 4 MSA menunjukkan bahwa seluruh taraf dosis ( 375 â 750 g/ha) herbisida parakuat diklorida efektif dalam mengendalikan gulma golongan teki. Hasil penelitian pada Tabel 5 menunjukkan bahwa gulma O. nodosa dapat dikendalikan dengan efektif oleh herbisida parakuat diklorida pada taraf dosis 375 â 750 g/ha dan perlakuan penyiangan mekanis di pengamatan 4 MSA. Begitu juga pada perlakuan penyiangan mekanis mampu mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma P. clematidea pada piringan kelapa sawit TBM. Pada pengamatan 12 MSA, taraf dosis 500, 750 g/ha dan penyiangan mekanis efektif mengendalikan gulma A. gangetica di piringan kelapa sawit TBM. Pengaruh perlakuan herbisida parakuat diklorida terhadap bobot kering gulma dominan A. gangetica
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